La brusque appréciation de la gourde n’en finit pas de semer l’inquiétude auprès des responsables du secteur de la sous-traitance textile en Haïti, dont Fernando Capellan, président de Grupo M, propriétaire de la Compagnie de développement industriel (CODEVI), qui craignent le pire pour les 55 mille emplois du secteur si une solution n’est pas adoptée rapidement par les autorités haïtiennes pour ramener la monnaie haïtienne à un niveau « soutenable » pour leurs coûts d’opération.
« Si la gourde reste telle quelle dans les 2-3 prochaines semaines, 25 mille emplois seront perdus avant décembre », a déclaré catégorique Fernando Capellan lors d’une entrevue accordée à Le Nouvelliste vendredi matin.
L’homme d’affaires dominicain, important investisseur étranger depuis 18 ans en Haïti, pourvoyeur de 14 mille emplois directs au niveau de ses différentes usines à la frontière nord de la République dominicaine, a lancé un appel d’urgence aux autorités haïtiennes compétentes tout en réclamant une prime de 105 à la rigueur 100 gourdes pour un dollar pour le secteur exportateur et l’industrie locale.
« C’est le taux sur lequel nous avons ajusté nos coûts d’opération […] Nous ne pouvons pas tenir 2-3 semaines de plus […] Perdre 25 mille emplois affecterait gravement la réputation d’Haïti aux yeux des investisseurs étrangers qui ne viendraient pas investir dans le pays », a prédit avec émoi Fernando Capellan qui, à l’instar d’une Cassandre, a pris les devants pour nous avertir des dangers qui guettent l’économie haïtienne.
Selon lui, le pays ne s’en remettra pas si les 50 mille emplois dans le secteur ne sont pas sauvegardés. « Comment pouvons-nous laisser 25-30 mille emplois disparaitre dans le secteur de la manufacture qui représente l’avenir d’Haïti de par les opportunités qu’il renferme à travers le monde ? », s’interroge Capellan qui n’en revient pas et lance donc un appel d’urgence au gouvernement.
« Le président comprend parfaitement la situation maintenant il revient aux ministres de faire leur part », a-t-il ajouté.
Intervenant à la matinale de la radio Magik 9, le ministre de l’Economie et des Finances, Michel Patrick Boisvert, a calmé un peu le jeu en réclamant aux acteurs de ce secteur vital pour l’économie haïtienne de la patience, du moins jusqu’à ce qu’un mécanisme définitif soit trouvé.
« Le secteur peut avoir des échéances qui ne correspondent pas tout à fait à la mise en place nécessaire pour arriver au mécanisme. Le secteur veut tout de suite [ce mécanisme] ce que nous comprenons. Ce n’est pas possible de rentrer dans une dynamique sans tenir compte des tenants et aboutissants », a temporisé le ministre Boisvert.
« Des techniciens travaillent sur les différents cas de figure pour arriver à aligner leurs préoccupations sur ce que nous pouvons céder comme compromis pour permettre la survie du secteur […] Cela ne peut pas se faire du jour au lendemain. [Mais] nous travaillons sur des scenarii que nous ne pouvons pas communiquer maintenant », a fait savoir Michel Patrick Boisvert qui regarde de près le coût du scenario en passe d’être accepté tout en se disant conscient de la situation du secteur.
« Nous allons trouver ensemble une solution permettant que le secteur reste en vie », a-t-il promis assurant que les séances de travail avec le secteur se poursuivront.
Pour Fernando Capellan, « le temps presse et les usines ne pourront pas résister » longtemps. Les usines sont en position de faiblesse car les commandes ont diminué et, elles se relèvent à peine de la fermeture imposée par le gouvernement en raison de Covid-19 et ne sont pas encore à 100 pour 100 de leur capacité de production.
« Si le gouvernement haïtien traine les pieds, le secteur sera impacté douloureusement », a mis en garde Capellan redoutant pour Haïti la même situation vécue en République dominicaine 15 ans plus tôt quand le laxisme du gouvernement dominicain face à la forte appréciation du peso a coûté au pays la perte de 110 mille emplois.
« Jusqu’à présent, ces emplois perdus à cause de cette erreur ne sont pas tous récupérés », a alerté Capellan inquiet pour le risque de disparition encouru par les 14 mille emplois de CODEVI en sus de ceux du parc industriel de Caracol.
Surtout, à en croire l’homme d’affaires dominicain, les coréens, les investisseurs sri lankais etc., présents dans un moins 17 pays, avec la baisse des commandes au niveau mondial, peuvent facilement délocaliser leur production dans d’autres pays où ils ont déjà une structure de production installée.
« Ce n’est pas le cas de Grupo M et CODEVI qui ont consenti d’énormes investissements dans les infrastructures en Haïti que nous ne pouvons pas délocaliser. Si nous fermons, nous laisserons sur place toutes ces infrastructures contrairement à ces compagnies qui n’ont que des machines sur place. Si elles ferment, elles emportent avec elles leurs machines », a tenu à souligner Fernando Capellan invitant l’Etat haïtien à ne peut pas traiter à la légère la première source d’emplois formels dans le pays.
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